Former Congolese President Joseph Kabila returned to the Democratic Republic of Congo on Friday, arriving in the rebel-occupied city of Goma.
The surprise visit marks his first return since going into self-imposed exile in 2023, sparking renewed debate over his role in the country’s worsening eastern conflict.
Aides to Kabila and an M23 rebel official confirmed his presence, saying the former president came to support peace efforts in the embattled region.
The M23, widely believed to be backed by Rwanda, captured Goma in January and Bukavu in February, escalating a conflict that has killed over 3,000 people.
The violence has displaced nearly seven million Congolese, deepening one of the world’s most severe humanitarian crises.
Kabila’s associate said the former leader aims to ensure “Congolese voices are not excluded” from international peace efforts.
His visit comes as Qatar mediates stalled ceasefire negotiations between the Congolese government and M23 rebels, with both sides trading blame for violations.
Kabila, who ruled Congo from 2001 to 2019, left office under a cloud of controversy after delaying elections to extend his term.
President Félix Tshisekedi last year accused him of backing the M23 and plotting an insurrection—claims Kabila denies.
Political observers warn his return could inflame tensions, especially if he is perceived as aligned with the rebels.
Christian Moleka, a political scientist, said Kabila’s presence may have a “detonating effect on Congolese politics” and fuel suspicions of rebel ties.
It remains unclear how long Kabila will stay in Goma or what his next steps will be.
His expected public address to Goma’s residents could further shape the volatile narrative unfolding in eastern Congo.
