Dallol, Ethiopia, has earned the title of the world’s hottest inhabited place, holding the record for the highest average annual temperature. Situated in the northern Danakil Depression, this remote town endures extreme heat throughout the year, with average temperatures reaching approximately 34.6 °C (94.3 °F).
This arid desert region is marked by vast salt flats, active geothermal areas, and sulfur springs, which contribute to its otherworldly landscape. The harsh conditions make it one of the most challenging places to live, yet a small number of people, primarily Afar nomads, call Dallol home. These residents rely on salt mining and traditional livestock herding for their livelihoods, adapting to an environment where daytime temperatures often soar above 46 °C (115 °F) in the summer months.
Dallol’s extreme climate results from its low elevation and the surrounding highlands, which trap heat in the basin. The lack of rainfall and vegetation adds to the intensity of the heat, making it a natural phenomenon that draws the interest of scientists and tourists alike. For scientists, Dallol offers insights into extreme environments on Earth and potentially similar conditions on other planets. For adventure travelers, the unique mineral formations, colorful hot springs, and salt pillars create a surreal and unforgettable landscape.
While the climate poses significant challenges, it has also shaped the cultural and economic practices of the local communities. Salt, historically a valuable commodity, remains a key resource, with large salt caravans traversing the desert, much as they have for centuries. Despite the challenges, Dallol’s inhabitants continue to thrive in one of the Earth’s most inhospitable climates, embodying resilience and adaptation in the face of extreme conditions.
