West Africa’s junta-led states gain regional support

Eighteen months ago, West African leaders debated military action to counter a coup-driven junta in Niger. Now, the dynamics have shifted, with Niger forging stronger ties with Mali and Burkina Faso.

The three nations, having ousted civilian governments between 2020 and 2023, formed the Alliance of Sahel States (AES) after leaving ECOWAS, a regional bloc they deemed aligned with France. Their withdrawal, effective January 29, solidifies their unity as they tackle militant threats across the Sahel.

ECOWAS’ military threats in August 2023 deepened the divide. Niger, Mali, and Burkina Faso turned to Russia, Turkey, and China, distancing themselves from Paris. Surprisingly, ECOWAS nations like Togo and Ghana now adopt a conciliatory tone. Togo’s Foreign Minister, Robert Dussey, hinted at joining AES, reflecting regional shifts.

Ghana’s newly elected president, John Dramani Mahama, exemplified this change by hosting Burkina’s junta chief Captain Ibrahim Traore and meeting Mali’s Prime Minister Abdoulaye Maiga. Analysts see this as a step toward bridging divides.

The Sahel region, plagued by Al-Qaeda and IS-linked insurgents, faces increasing attacks. Militants are advancing toward coastal nations like Togo and Benin, which suffered a deadly assault killing 28 soldiers. Experts emphasize the need for regional unity against these threats.

Landlocked AES nations face economic hurdles, relying on access to the sea through Togo amid logistical challenges. The strained relations with neighbors like Ivory Coast further complicate trade.

Despite the challenges, the growing acceptance of AES signals a turning tide in West Africa’s political and security landscape. As regional alliances shift, the path to stability remains arduous but vital.

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